Papers

In this paper, a new method of construction of second order slope rotatable designs using symmetrical unequal block arrangements with two unequal block sizes is studied and constructed for 6 £ v £ 16 (v: the number of factors).

Safe disposal of Spent Cutting Fluids (SCFs) generated by their use metal process industries, is a serious problem. The high cost ultra-filtration method employed for the treatment of SCFs have made it mandatory to further modify the existing techniques so as to control the cost of waste disposal to the environment. The authors have proposed the use of agro-waste products i.e., rice husk, bagasse, saw-dust and arhar stem (cajanus cazan) as adsorbents for removal of oil from SCF before they are finally disposed off into the environment. But it is very difficult to grade and select the best adsorbent without extensive experimental investigation. The utility of a multicriteria decision-making technique, called the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), is explored in this study to select an appropriate adsorbent that satisfies the needs of the process. This paper presents the results of AHP for the selection and grading of adsorbents to be employed for the processing of SCFs.

The acoustical parameters for binary mixture of two industrial importance liquid namely di-isopropyl ether (DIPE) and xylene ( mixed isomer) has been studied at three different frequencies ( 1MHz, 3MHz and 5MHz) and at constant temperature 303K. The measured data of density (r) and ultrasonic velocity (C) in binary mixture of DIPE and xylene are used to compute isentropic compressibility (b), intermolecular free length (L_f) and acoustic impendence (Z) and their excess values from view point of the importance and applicability in asserting the interactions. In this binary system, the interaction parameter values have been found to be positive and their excess values are negative over entire composition range of DIPE which indicates the specific interactions between unlike molecule. With increase of frequency the extent of interaction becomes weak due to the thermal relaxation of the component molecules.

Differentiation of serum proteins by electrophoresis is important for the diagnosis and prognosis of numerous diseases. Use of serum protein electrophoresis is a common tool in clinical diagnosis to express the various infectious states. Staining of serum proteins in electrophoresis is really an uphill task to define accurate abnormal proteins. Many stains have high sensitivity but it cannot be affordable in common laboratories. Hence, the objective of this comparative study is to establish a standard staining protocol with an appropriate stain with affordable cost and high sensitivity. Amido black is one among the best stains used in older protocols. Due to the influx of new sensitive stains like Ponceau S the use of Amido black has become very less. In our experience, we found Amido black as a better stain in comparison to Ponceau S after many replicates of the experiment.

The unsteady transient free convection flow of incompressible dissipative fluid past an infinite vertical oscillating plate through porous medium is considered taking account of viscous dissipative heat under the influence of a uniform transverse magnetic field. The governing equations are solved by finite difference method. The results are obtained for velocity, temperature and concentration profiles. The effects of various parameters are discussed on flow variables and presented by graphs.

Two distinct Modifications are proposed in the conventional circuit of Triple Darlington amplifier by adding an extra biasing resistance RD. First amplifier completely removes the problem of poor response of Triple Darlington at higher frequencies as well as provides wide band frequency response for small signals. While, the second amplifier effectively widens the frequency band. Hence the proposed small signal amplifiers can be significantly used in various commercial electronics and communication circuits.

The freshwater fish Oreochromis niloticus, were exposed to cadmium for 18 days Alkaline phosphates and protein in gills and muscle were measured. The activity of (ALP) increased significantly in treated tissue compared with those of control, but the activity of protein is significantly decrease with those of control. These results revealed that cadmium effect the metabolism of O. niloticus and the enzyme (ALP) can work as good biomarker of contamination.

Trace elements are called the spark plugs of life because they are required to activate hundreds of enzymes reaction with in the body. The objective of this study was to determine micronutrient content (Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn) in O. gratissimum, O. americanum, M. spicata and A. indica by Atomic Absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). All medicinal plants are now considered as a valuable source of unique natural products for development of medicines against various diseases. Essential micronutrient in O. gratissimum is Fe (59)µg/g, Cu (29) µg/g, Zn (55) µg/g, Mn (9) µg/g, in O. americanum Fe (120) µg/g, Cu (56) µg/g, Zn (88) µg/g, Mn (21) µg/g, in M. spicata. Fe (92) µg/g, Zn (122) µg/g, Cu (125) µg/g, Mn (31) µg/g & in A. indica Cu (49) µg/g, Fe (158) µg/g, Zn (64) µg/g, Mn (18) µg/g.

Arsenic poisoning is caused by its exposure via drinking water and is considered as a worldwide problem. Exposure to arsenic has been linked with a myriad of possible health effects. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate alterations in the blood serum indexes and histological changes in liver of male rats exposed to arsenic (50ppm) in their drinking water for eight weeks. Blood was collected for serum analysis of various indexes and the animals were sacrificed by cervical dislocation for the collection of their liver for histopathological studies. Almost all the serum indexes analyzed in the present study were altered significantly in the arsenic exposed animals. The damage in liver tissue was prominent and degenerative and necrotic changes were observed in almost every area of the tissue. The blood indexes studied herein may serve as potential biomarkers for arsenic induced hepatotoxicosis that may affect the general health of the animals. A well planed data base of regularly updated arsenic level of different areas of Saudi Arabia would help in processing the water and provide As free water for consumption and avoiding deleterious effects of As exposure through drinking water.

A preliminary investigation on the association behaviour of polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan mono-oleate (Tween 80) in water and hexane was carried out at 30°C by constructing the phase equilibrium. The phases were separated by centrifugation. The birefringence was observed under cross polarizer and their consistency, texture and optical pattern were examined under polarizing microscope. From the phase equilibrium, several compositions were then selected to formulate O/W emulsions. Essential oil extracted from Kaffir lime was then incorporated into the emulsions to investigate their stability. Results showed that Tween 80 was readily solubilised in the mixture of water and hexane by forming association structures such as micro-emulsion and liquid crystalline phases. From the stability test, it was observed that the emulsions, where the compositions of water, hexane and Tween 80 that passed through the liquid crystalline region, were more stable.